Mechanism of antistatic electricity of textiles

Static electricity on the insulator surface can disappear in three ways:

(1) Disappear through air (fog);

(2) Disappear along the surface;

(3) Disappear through the insulator.

The elimination of static electricity through air mainly relies on the charged particles with opposite symbols in the air to fly and neutralize the static electricity on the surface of the insulator or let the charged particles gain kinetic energy and fly away. The high voltage corona electrostatic eliminator is made by using the principle of tip discharge, which has been applied in the production of chemical fiber.

The speed at which static electricity disappears along the insulator surface depends on the size of the surface resistivity of the insulator. Increasing the humidity of the air can form a continuous water film on the surface of the hydrophilic insulator, coupled with the dissolution of CO2 and other impurities in the air, and greatly improve the surface conductivity. A further approach is to use antistatic agents, mainly ionic or non-ionic surfactants.

The leakage rate of static electricity through the insulator mainly depends on the size of the resistivity of the insulator, in general, when the polymer resistivity is less than 10^7Ω·m, the electrostatic charge will soon leak out. In order to increase the volume conductivity of the polymer, the most convenient method is to add carbon black, metal powder or conductive fiber.

Fiber polymer material is theoretically more than the insulator, but the actual fiber conductivity is higher than the theoretical estimate, the reason is that the fiber is not a pure polymer material, which contains water, impurities and other low molecular substances, that is, the fiber conduction mainly depends on the fiber in the appendage, followed by the fiber molecule itself conductivity and the role of external conditions related. In the case of high conductivity of easily ionized substances on the surface and large partial pressure of water vapor, the conductivity of the fiber will be greatly improved.

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